Doctors and clinics which advise sleep hygiene to patients and families have their own lists of suggestions. Which items are suggested for which patients depend on knowledge of the individual situation gained by interview. Suggestions which may be included within sleep hygiene and discussed with a patient can include:
Timing
Try to arise at the same time every day.
Try to maintain a consistent bedtime, but go to bed only when sleepy.
Any nap should be short and earlier than 3 p.m.
Preparation
Exercise regularly, preferably outdoors.
Limit use of caffeine and nicotine in the evening if they affect sleep.
Avoid alcohol in the evening as its apparent helpfulness is shortlived.
Avoid television and the computer screen for an hour or more before bedtime.
Try to avoid stimulating mental and physical activities before bedtime.
Gradually decreasing surrounding light levels in the hours before bedtime may be helpful.
Environment
The bedroom should be quiet and cool.
The bedroom should be as dark as possible. Nightlights in the hall and the bathroom may help to avoid bright light during sleep time.
The bed should only be used for sleep and sex, not for other activities, as the association bed means sleep can be helpful.